O Contributo do Nacionalismo na Emancipação Políticasocial em Angola desde 1950 até 1975.

Abstract

In Angola there was political and social emancipation thanks to nationalism. Nationalism consists of an ideology and political movement, based on the conscience of the nation, which expresses the belief in the existence of certain common characteristics in a community, national or supranational, and the desire to shape them politically. In the case studied, the notion of Angolan nationalism, culture and identity emerged from a historical context of struggles and confrontations. They are the result of a process of conceptual disparities and theoretical adaptations according to the heat of historical experiences. These episodes were marked by the experience of colonialism, liberation movements, conflicts between belligerent groups without space for open, divergent and democratic debates, with different historical articulations and pretensions of not partisanizing or indoctrinating the production of knowledge in the name of a pre-established cause. During the study carried out, it was noted that Angolan social policy has always been far from being homogeneous and reflected the African context which, in addition to the continent's natural riches, also reflects the multiform social manifestation. It is in this context that its emancipation took place thanks to the contribution of the union of several African and extra-African associations. The present study is structured in two chapters, in the first, a generic and problematic approach to the theme was made, taking into account the literature that supports the issue under study, such as the political-social issue, conceptualization of nationalism, the genesis of African nationalism and its development, as well as the processes of English, French, Belgian and Portuguese colonialism. Clandestine movements in the national liberation struggle were also highlighted. In the second chapter, the adventures of a more active nationalism, defended by the MPLA, FNLA and UNITA, were described. The genesis of Angolan nationalism dominated the second chapter, which also touched on the movements and associations that were bent on the genesis of national emancipation. This last chapter illustrates the year 1960 as the heyday of the successive defeats of Portuguese colonialism, whose end was reached in 1975 with national independence.