Proposta metodológica de actividades experimentais de conceitos de energia cinética e potencial, usando materiais de baixo custo, para melhorar o Processo de Ensino e Aprendizagem da Física na 8ª classe

Abstract

Physics is an experimental science, it is difficult to understand it without carrying out experimental activities, which offer students possibilities to better understand its laws and scientific principles. However, the xperimental practice has a motivating, significant and active character in the Process of Teaching and Learning (PEA) of Physics. The totally theoretical classes and the absence of carrying out Physics experiments in the classroom are some of the aspects that favor the lack of interest of students in the discipline of Physics in the 8th grade of the school nº 88 “16 de Junho” - Lubango, concomitantly with the teaching the concept of kinetic and potential energy. Physics is one of the subjects in the school curriculum in which students have some ifficulties in learning the contents, these have been mechanical, that is, students memorize concepts, formulas, laws, principles, but forget in a short time or after the test. The preliminary diagnosis made at the forementioned school reveals that it does not have the conditions created to carry out Physics classes with experiments. Both students and Physics teachers complain about the process of transmission and reception of knowledge of energy concepts taught so far. Based on these shortcomings, the proposal of the present work was elaborated, defending that it can improve the teaching process of Physics in the students of the 8th Grade. The job has a introduction, chapters 1 and 2 and general conclusions.